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March 8, 2014
Table of Contents
1 Introduction
Chongqing

Wikipedia

 
License plate of China#Chongqing|Details</td>
<font size="+1">重庆市<br>Ch?ngq?ng Sh?</font>
<font size="-1">Abbreviation: 渝 (pinyin: Y?)</font>
Image:China-Chongqing.png|Chongqing is highlighted on this map
width=50%|Origin of Name 重 ch?ng - again <br>庆 q?ng - celebrate <br>"double celebration"
Administration Type Municipality of China|Municipality
Seat of Government Yuzhong|Yuzhong Qu
Communist Party of China|CPC Chongqing Committee Secretary Huang Zhendong
Mayor Wang Hongju
Area 82,300 square kilometre|km&sup2; (List of China administrative regions by area|26th)
Population (2002) <br />&nbsp;- Metropolitan area<br />&nbsp;- Density 31,070,000 (List of China administrative regions by population|20th) <br /> approx. 4 million <br /> 378/km&sup2; (List of China administrative regions by population density|10th)
Gross domestic product|GDP (2002)<br />&nbsp;- per capita 197.1 billion Renminbi|? (List of China administrative regions by gross domestic product|23rd) <br /> 6345 Renminbi|? (List of China administrative regions by GDP per capita|20th)
Major Nationalities of China|Nationalities (2000) Han Chinese|Han - 94%<br />Tujia - 5%<br />Hmong|Miao - 2%
City tree Ficus lacor
City flower Camellia <br> (Camellia japonica)
Political divisions of China#County level|County-level divisions 40
Political divisions of China#Township level|Township-level divisions 1259
Postal Code (China)|Postal Code 400000 - 409900
Area Code (China)|Area Code 23
License Plate (China)|License Plate Prefixes 渝A, B, C, F, G, H <br>
ISO 3166-2 CN-50

Chongqing (zh-stpw |t=重慶 |s=重庆 |p=Ch?ngq?ng |w=Ch'ung-ch'ing; Postal System Pinyin: Chungking) is the largest and most populous of the People's Republic of China's four municipality of China|municipalities, which have provinces of China|provincial-level status. It is the only municipality to the west of the densely populated eastern half of China. The municipality of Chongqing has population of 32,355,000 (2004), most of them living outside of the urban area of Chongqing proper, over hundreds of miles of farmland. The population of the urban area of Chongqing proper was estimated at 3.4 million in 2004, ranking approximately as the 10th largest urban area of China. Including the unregistered migrants from the countryside, the population of the urban area could be as high as 7.5 million. The placename literally means "Double Celebration".

The municipal abbreviation, Yu (渝), was approved by the State Council on April 18, 1997. Yu had previously been used by the Kuomintang. It is the old name of a part of the Jialing River that runs through Chongqing with the Yangtze River|Yangtze.

The urban area of Chongqing proper (重庆市区) consists of the district of Yuzhong (渝中区, i.e. "central Chongqing district"), the central and most densely populated district, where government offices are located, as well as the districts of Nan'an (南岸区, i.e. "southern bank district") Jiangbei (江北区, i.e. "north of the river district"), Shapingba (沙坪坝区), Jiulongpo (九龙坡区), and Dadukou (大渡口区).



Chongqing is said to be the semi-mythical State of Ba (巴國) that began in 11th century BC, when the Ba people began living here until they were destroyed by the State of Qin in 316 BC. The Qin emperor ordered a new city to be constructed, called Jiang (江州) and Chu Prefecture (楚州).

In 581 AD (Sui Dynasty), Chongqing was renamed to Yu Prefecture (渝州).

In 1102, the city was renamed Gong Prefecture.

In 1189, when Prince Zhao Dun of the Southern Song Dynasty was first made a king then crowned as Emperor Guangzong, he commented that it was "double/repeated happy celebration" (雙重喜慶), so renamed Yu Prefecture to Chongqing Subprefecture.

In 1362 (Yuan Dynasty), Ming Yuzhen, a peasant rebel leader, established Daxia Kingdom at Chongqing for a short time.

In 1621, another short-lived kingdom of Daliang was established there.

In 1891, Chongqing became the first inland commerce port open to foreigners.

Since 1929, Chongqing was a municipality of the Republic of China. Chongqing was the provisional capital of China|capital of the government of Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek during World War II (Second Chinese-Japanese War) and was heavily bombed by the Japanese Air Force.

In 1954, the municipality was reduced to a provincial city of the People's Republic.

For three years, Chongqing had been a sub-provincial city of Sichuan Province, until March 14, 1997, as decided in the Eighth National People's Congress, the original Chongqing City was merged with the neighbouring Fuling, Wanxian, and Qianjiang, Chongqing|Qianjiang that had been governed by Chongqing City on behalf of the province since September of the previous year. These four prefecture-level entities were all abolished as distinct administrative divisions and formed one new Chongqing Municipality that contained 30,020,000 people in their 43 former counties (without intermediate political levels). The first official ceremony took place on June 18 of that year.

In March 14, 1997, the original Chongqing City was promoted to the status of Municipality. The municipality was formed to spearhead China's effort to develop its western regions as well as to coordinate the resettlement of refugees from the Three Gorges Dam project.



The municipality is divided in to 40 county-level subdivisions (3 were abolished since 1997): 15 districts, 4 county-level cities, and 21 counties.

The origin column indicates which city the entity belonged to prior to the 1997 comglomeration.
|---------------------------------------
!Hanzi!! Origin
Districts
Banan 巴南区 Chongqing
Beibei 北碚区 Chongqing
Changshou 长寿区 Chongqing
Dadukou 大渡口区 Chongqing
Fuling 涪陵区 Fuling
Jiangbei 江北区 Chongqing
Jiulongpo 九龙坡区 Chongqing
Nan'an 南岸区 Chongqing
Qianjiang, Chongqing|Qianjiang 黔江区 Qianjiang
Shapingba 沙坪坝区 Chongqing
Shuangqiao 双桥区 Chongqing
Wansheng 万盛区 Chongqing
Wanzhou 万州区 Wanxian
Yubei 渝北区 Chongqing
Yuzhong 渝中区 Chongqing
Cities
Hechuan 合川市 Chongqing
Jiangjin 江津市 Chongqing
Yongchuan 永川市 Chongqing
Nanchuan 南川市 Fuling
Counties
Bishan County|Bishan 璧山县 Chongqing
Chengkou 城口县 Wanxian
Dazu County|Dazu 大足县 Chongqing
Dianjiang 垫江县 Fuling
Fengdu 丰都县 Fuling
Fengjie 奉节县 Wanxian
Kai, Chongqing|Kai 开县 Wanxian
Liangping 梁平县 Wanxian
Pengshui Miao and Tujia Autonomous County|Pengshui 彭水自治县 Qianjiang
Qijiang 綦江县 Chongqing
Rongchang 荣昌县 Chongqing
Shizhu Tujia Autonomous County|Shizhu 石柱自治县 Qianjiang
Tongliang 铜梁县 Chongqing
Tongnan 潼南县 Chongqing
Wulong County|Wulong 武隆县 Fuling
Wushan, Chongqing|Wushan 巫山县 Wanxian
Wuxi, Chongqing|Wuxi 巫溪县 Wanxian
Xiushan Tujia Autonomous County|Xiushan 秀山自治县 Qianjiang
Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County|Youyang 酉阳自治县 Qianjiang
Yunyang 云阳县 Wanxian
Zhong County|Zhong 忠县 Wanxian




  • Geographic coordinates: 105?17'-110?11' East, 28?10'-32?13' North

  • Annual average temperature: 18 Celsius|?C (64 Fahrenheit|?F)

  • Temperature range: 6 to 29 ?C

  • Total annual daylight hours: 1000-1200

  • Annual precipitation (meteorology)|precipitation: 1000-1400 mm

  • Neighbours: Hubei (east), Hunan (east), Guizhou (south), Sichuan (west), Shaanxi (north)


Located on the edge of the Tibetan Plateau, Chongqing is intersected by the Jialing River and the upper reaches of the Yangtze River|Yangtze. It contains Daba Shan in the north, Wu Shan in the east, Wuling Shan in the southeast, and Dalou Mountain to the south.

The city is very hilly and is the only major metropolitan area in China without significant numbers of bicycles.




Image:ChongqingWaterfront.jpg|thumb|right|500px|Chongqing waterfront on the Jialing. See the funicular article for some details

Located at the head of the reservoir behind the Three Gorges Dam, Chongqing is planned to be the beachhead for the development of the western part of the country. Massive public works are currently under way in the city, including overhead and surface commuter rail lines connecting the many districts of the city.

Fairly recently, with central government policies aimed at further developing Western China, Chongqing has become a "Gateway to the west". Foreign investment in the city is growing at a fast pace.

The GDP per capita was 9038 RMB (ca. 1090 USD) in 2003, ranking no. 303 among 659 Chinese cities.




Image:CQBridgeSculpture.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Public art in Chongqing
Image:ChongqingStLights.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Magnolia bloom street lights in Chongqing
The climate is semi-tropical, with the two-season monsoon|monsoonal variations typical of south asia. During World War II the frequent dense fogs were welcomed for their protection from Japanese aircraft bombing attacks.

As is true of most of China, severe air pollution is frequently present, largely as a result of the burning of coal without pollution controls, both for industrial processess and for the production of electric power.




  • The city is home to one of the largest public assembly buildings in China, the Great Hall of the People, built in modern times but in the classic Tang dynasty style - as a large circular building. This is adjacent to the densely populated and hilly central district, with narrow streets and pedestrian only walkways.


  • There is a museum at the World War II headquarters of Joseph Stilwell|General "Vinegar Joe" Stilwell. The preservation and presentation of the materials here reflect the long and historic affection between China and the U.S., despite the global frictions between their respective governments of the late 20th century.


  • A giant ferris wheel offers spectacular views of the metropolitain area.


  • A modern and well stocked zoo exhibits many national and regional animals, including the Giant Panda and the extremely rare South China Tiger.





The city's tree is the evergreen magnolia (Chinese evergreen magnolia|magnolia delavayi) abundant in street plantings, with the tulip-like shape of its mature unopened blooms repeated in street lights.




Professional sports teams in Chongqing include:

  • Chinese Football Association Super League

  • * Chongqing Lifan

  • Chinese Basketball Association

  • * None


Colleges and Universities

  • Chongqing University (重庆大学) (founded in 1929)

  • Southwest China Normal University (西南师范大学) (founded in 1906)

  • Third Military Medical University (第三军医大学)

  • Chongqing Technology and Business University (重庆工商大学)

  • Southwest Agricultural University (西南农业大学)

  • Chongqing Normal University (重庆师范大学)

  • Southwest Politics & Law University (西南政法大学)

  • Sichuan International Studies University (四川外语学院)

  • Sichuan Fine Arts Institute (四川美术学院)

  • Chongqing Jiaotong University (重庆交通学院)

  • Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications (重庆邮电学院)

  • Chongqing Institute of Technology (重庆工学院)

  • Western Chongqing University (渝西学院)

  • Chongqing Three Gorges University (重庆三峡学院)

  • Foling Teachers College (涪陵师范学院)


Note: Institutions without full-time bachelor programs are not listed.



  • http://www.cq.gov.cn Official site (in Simplified Chinese and English)

  • http://www.westtour.net/cq/ditu.htm District map / http://www.chinacity.net/zgcs/chongqing/page3.htm Version 2 (in Simplified Chinese)

  • http://www.9654.com/m/cq.htm City centre map

  • http://www.visitcq.net Visit Chongqing (in Simplified Chinese): Tourism

de:Chongqing
fr:Chongqing
ja:重慶市
pl:Czungcing
fi:Chongqing
sv:Chongqing
zh-cn:重庆
es:Chongqing
Provinces_of_China

Category:Cities in China

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Chongqing".


Last Modified:   2005-04-13


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