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March 8, 2014 |
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Mainland China Main article: Demographics of Mainland China The population of Mainland China is 1,261,832,482 (July 2000 estimate). But it has exceeded 1.3 billion at the end of 2003. The PRC is very concerned about its population growth and has attempted with mixed results to implement a strict family planning policy. The government's goal is one-child policy|one child per family, with exceptions in rural areas and for ethnic minorities. Official government policy opposes forced abortion or sterilization, but allegations of coercion continue as local officials strive to meet population targets. The government's goal is to stabilize the population early in the 21st century, although some current projections estimate a population of anywhere ranging from 1.4 billion to 1.6 billion by 2025. Religion plays a significant part in the life of many Chinese. Buddhism is most widely practiced, with an estimated 100 million adherents. Traditional Taoism also is practiced. Official figures indicate there are 18 million Muslims, 4 million Catholics, and 10 million Protestants; unofficial estimates are much higher. Languages spoken include 'Standard Chinese' or Mandarin (linguistics)|Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese (linguistics)|Cantonese), Wu (Shanghaiese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, and minority languages. It is well known that the social-economic gap in China between rich and poor, well-off and poorly-off, the haves and have-nots is among the largest in the world, and still growing. This disparity has created multiple de facto classes, perhaps a very wealth class, a growing middle class, and an immense class, in certain ways similar to untouchables who receive very little in the way of government aid or education, and are eligible only for the jobs which are worst remunerating, least respected and least secure (economically and physically). A large portion of the poorer classes exist as a "floating population" of migrant workers in cities, who are often not tolerated politically and looked down upon socio-culturally. Hong Kong Main article: Demographics of Hong Kong Hong Kong's population increased steadily during the 1990s, reaching about 7.1 million by 2000. Hong Kong is one of the most densely populated areas in the world, with an overall density of some 6,300 people per square kilometre. The population density with respect to built-up area would be even much more higher, since only a small proportion of land are developed. Despite the population density, Hong Kong was reported to be one of the greenest cities in Asia. The majority of people live on flats in high-rise buildings. The rest of the open spaces are often covered with parks, woods and shrubs. The vertical placement of the population explains why "densely populated, green city" is not an oxymoronic phrase. Macau Main article: Demographics of Macau Macau's population is 95% Chinese, primarily Cantonese and some Hakka, both from nearby Guangdong|Guangdong Province. The remainder are of Portuguese people|Portuguese or mixed Chinese-Portuguese ancestry. The official languages are Portuguese language|Portuguese and Mandarin, though the residents commonly speak Cantonese. English is spoken in tourist areas. Macau has only one university (University of Macau); most of its 7,700 students are from Hong Kong. Main article: Demographics of Taiwan The Republic of China has a population of 22.2 million. More than 18 million, the "native" Taiwanese are descendants of Chinese who migrated from Fujian and Guangdong Provinces on Mainland China, primarily in the seventeenth and 19th century|nineteenth centuries. The "Mainlanders", who arrived on Taiwan after 1945, came from all parts of Mainland China. About 370,000 Taiwanese aborigines inhabit the mountainous central and eastern parts of the island and are believed to be of Malayo-Polynesian origin. zh:中国人口 Category:Demographics by country|China This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Demographics of China".
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