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March 8, 2014 |
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The Former Liang (Chinese character: 前凉, Hanyu pinyin Qi?n Li?ng) (320-376) was a state of the Sixteen Kingdoms during the Jin Dynasty (265-420) in China. It was founded by the Zhang family of the Han Chinese. Its territories included present-day Gansu and parts of Ningxia, Shaanxi, Qinghai and Xinjiang. All rulers of the Former Liang remained titularly under the court of the Jin Dynasty (265-420) except Zhang Zuo who proclaimed himself "Chinese nobility#wang|wang". <table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"> <tr> <th style="background:#efefef;">Temple names</th> <th style="background:#efefef;">Posthumous names</th> <th style="background:#efefef;">Chinese family name|Family names and Chinese name|given name</th> <th style="background:#efefef;">Durations of reigns</th> <th style="background:#efefef;">Era names and their according durations</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="5" align="center">Chinese convention: use family and given names</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Did not exist</td> <td>Cheng (成 Ch?ng)</td> <td>Zhang Mao (張茂 Zhāng M?o)</td> <td>320-324</td> <td>Jianxing (建興 Ji?nxīng) 320-324<br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Did not exist</td> <td>Zhongcheng (忠成 Zhōngch?ng)</td> <td>Zhang Jun (張駿 Zhāng J?n)</td> <td>324-346</td> <td>Jianxing (建興 Ji?nxīng) 324-346<br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Did not exist</td> <td>Huan (桓 Hu?n)</td> <td>Zhang Chonghua (張重華 Zhāng Ch?nghu?)</td> <td>346-353</td> <td>Jianxing (建興 Ji?nxīng) 346-353<br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Did not exist</td> <td>Ai (哀 āi)</td> <td>Zhang Yaoling (張曜靈 Zhāng Y?ol?ng)</td> <td>3 months (the ninth to the twelfth month) in 353</td> <td>Jianxing (建興 Ji?nxīng) 353<br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Did not exist</td> <td>King Wei (威王 Wēi Chinese nobility#wang|W?ng)</td> <td>Zhang Zuo (張祚 Zhāng Zu?)</td> <td>353-355</td> <td>Jianxing (建興 Ji?nxīng) 353-354<br> Heping (和平 H?p?ng) 354-355<br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Did not exist</td> <td>Jingdao (敬悼 J?ngd?o) or Chong (沖 Chōng)</td> <td>Zhang Xuanjing (張玄靖 Zhāng Xu?nj?ng)</td> <td>355-363</td> <td>Jianxing (建興 Ji?nxīng) 355-361<br> Shengping (升平 Shēngp?ng) 361-363<br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Did not exist</td> <td>Dao (悼 D?o) </td> <td>Zhang Tianxi (張天錫 Zhāng Tiānx?)</td> <td>364-376</td> <td>Shengping (升平 Shēngp?ng) 364-376<br> </td> </tr> </table>
ja:前涼 zh:前凉 This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Former Liang".
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