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History_of_China __NOTOC__ The Jin Dynasty (晉 pinyin j?n, 265-420) followed the Three Kingdoms and preceded the Southern and Northern Dynasties in China. The dynasty was founded by the Sima family (司馬 pinyin Sīmǎ), the descendants of the great historian Sima Qian. The first of the two periods, the Western Jin Dynasty (ch. 西晉, 265-316), was founded by Emperor Wu of Jin China|Emperor Wu. Although providing a brief period of unity after conquering the Kingdom of Wu in AD 280, the Jin could not contain the invasion and uprising of nomadic peoples after the devastating War of the Eight Princes. The capital was Luoyang until 311 when Emperor Huai of Jin China|Emperor Huai was captured by the forces of Han Zhao. Successive reign of Emperor Min of Jin China|Emperor Min lasted four years in Chang'an until its conquest by Former Zhao in 316. Meanwhile remnants of the Jin court fled from the north to the south and reestablished the Jin court at Jiankang, which was located south-eastward of Luoyang and Chang'an and near modern-day Nanjing, under Prince of Longya. Prominent local families of Zhu, Gan, Lu, Gu (family)|Gu and Zhou supported the proclamation of Prince of Longya as Emperor Yuan of Jin China|Emperor Yuan of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (ch. 東晉 317-420) when the news of the fall of Chang'an reached the south. Militaristic authorities and crises plagued the Eastern Jin court throughout its 104 years of existence. It survived the rebellions of Wang Dun and Su Jun. Huan Wen died in 373 before proclaiming himself emperor. Battle of Fei turned out to be a victory of Jin under a short-lived cooperation of Huan Chong, brother of Huan Wen and the Prime Minister (or Imperial Secretariat) Xie An. Huan Xuan, son of Huan Wen, usurped and changed the name of the dynasty to Chu. He was toppled by Liu Yu, who ordered the hanging of the reinstated but retarded Emperor An of Jin China|Emperor An. The last emperor and brother of Emperor An, Emperor Gong of Jin China|Emperor Gong, was installed in 419. Abdication of Emperor Gong in 420 in favor of Liu Yu, then Emperor Wu of Song China|Emperor Wu, ushered in the Song Dynasty (420-479)|Song Dynasty and the Southern Dynasties. Meanwhile North China was ruled by the Sixteen Kingdoms, many of which were founded by the Wu Hu, the non-Han Chinese ethnicities. The conquest of the Northern Liang by the Northern Wei Dynasty in 439 ushered in the Northern Dynasties.
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"> <tr> <th style="background:#efefef;">Posthumous names</th> <th style="background:#efefef;">Chinese family name|Family name and Chinese name|given names</th> <th style="background:#efefef;">Durations of reigns</th> <th style="background:#efefef;">Era names and their according range of years</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" align="center">Chinese convention: "Jin" + posthumous name + "di"</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" align="center">Western Jin Dynasty 265-316</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Jin Wudi|Wu</td> <td>Sima Yan</td> <td>265-290</td> <td>Taishi 265-274<br> Xianning 275-280<br> Taikang 280-289<br> Taixi January 28,290-May 17,290<br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Jin Huidi|Hui</td> <td>Sima Zhong</td> <td>290-307</td> <td>Yongxi May 17, 290-February 15,291<br> Yongping February 16-April 23,291<br> Yuankang April 24,291-February 6,300<br> Yongkang February 7,300-February 3,301<br> Yongning June 1,301-January 4303<br> Taian January 5,303-February 21, 304<br> Yongan February 22-August 15,304; December 25,304-February 3,305<br> Jianwu August 16-December 24,304<br> Yongxing February 4,305-July 12,306<br> Guangxi July 13,306-February 19,307<br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>unknown</td> <td>Sima Lun</td> <td>301</td> <td>Jianshi February 3-June 1,301</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Jin Huaidi|Huai</td> <td>Sima Chi</td> <td>307-311</td> <td>Yongjia 307-313<br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Jin Mindi|Min</td> <td>Sima Ye</td> <td>313-316</td> <td>Jianxing 313-317<br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" align="center">Eastern Jin Dynasty 317-420</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Jin Yuandi|Yuan</td> <td>Sima Rui</td> <td>317-323</td> <td>Jianwu 317-318<br> Daxing 318-322<br> Yongchang 322-323<br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Jin Mingdi|Ming</td> <td>Sima Shao </td> <td>323-325</td> <td>Taining 323-326<br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Jin Chengdi|Cheng</td> <td>Sima Yan</td> <td>325-342</td> <td>Xianhe 326-335<br> Xiankang 335-342<br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Jin Kangdi|Kang</td> <td>Sima Yue</td> <td>342-344</td> <td>Jianyuan 343-344<br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Jin Mudi|Mu</td> <td>Sima Dan</td> <td>344-361</td> <td>Yonghe 345-357<br> Shengping 357-361<br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Jin Aidi|Ai</td> <td>Sima Pi</td> <td>361-365</td> <td>Longhe 362-363<br> Xingning 363-365<br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Jin Feidi|Fei</td> <td>Sima Yi</td> <td>365-372</td> <td>Taihe 365-372<br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Jin Jianwendi|Jianwen</td> <td>Sima Yu</td> <td>372</td> <td>Xianan 372-373<br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Jian Xiaowudi|Xiaowu</td> <td>Sima Yao</td> <td>372-396</td> <td>Ningkang 373-375<br> Taiyuan 376-396<br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Jin Andi|An</td> <td>Sima Dezong</td> <td>396-419</td> <td>Longan 397-402<br> Yuanxing 402-405<br> Yixi 405-419<br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Jin Gongdi|Gong</td> <td>Sima Dewen</td> <td>419-420</td> <td>Yuanxi 419-420<br> </td> </tr> </table>
Category:History of China This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Jin Dynasty (265-420)".
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