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March 8, 2014 |
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The Ministry of State Security (MSS) (simplified Chinese: ???????????????; pinyin: Guojia Anquan Bu , or Guoanbu) is the security agency of the People's Republic of China. It is also probably the Chinese government's largest and most active foreign intelligence agency, though it is also involved in domestic security matters. Because of its role in domestic intelligence and monitoring domestic dissidents, it has sometimes been termed a secret police, although it does not have legal authority to arrest or detain people. It is headquartered near the Ministry of Public Security of the People's Republic of China in Beijing. The precursor of the modern MSS was the Central Department of Social Affairs (CDSA), the primary intelligence organ of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) before its accession to power in 1949. The CDSA operated in the Red Army base area of Yan'an in Shaanxi Province in northern China during the 1937-45 Second Sino-Japanese War. The CDSA provided the CCP with assessments of the world situation based on news reports and furnished the Communists with intelligence that proved important in the 1946-49 Chinese Civil War against the Nationalist forces. The CDSA later became the Central Investigation Department (CID). The MSS was established in 1983 as the result of the merger of the CID and the counter-intelligence elements of the Ministry of Public Security of the People's Republic of China. One of its longest-serving chiefs was Jia Chunwang, a native of Beijing and a 1964 graduate of Tsinghua University, who is reportedly an admirer of the US Central Intelligence Agency. He served as Minister of State Security from 1985 until March 1998, when the MSS underwent an overhaul and Xu Yongyue was appointed the new head of the organization. Jia was then appointed to the Minister of Public Security post, after a decade of distinguished service as head of the MSS. Chinese intelligence agents, probably under the control of the MSS, have achieved success in penetrating the US intelligence community in the past. In the 1980s, Larry Chin (Jin Wudai), a translator for the CIA's Foreign Broadcast Information Service, was arrested and charged with espionage in the service of the PRC. He had been recruited in 1944 while stationed in China as a US Army officer and went undetected for four decades. More recently, in 2003, Chinese-American Federal Bureau of Investigation employee and Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party fundraiser Katrina Leung was arrested and accused of being a double agent for both the FBI and the Chinese government. According to Liu Fuzhi, Secretary-General of the Political Bureau (Politburo) of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and Minister of Public Security, the mission of the MSS is to ensure "the security of the state through effective measures against enemy agents, spies, and counter-revolutionary activities designed to sabotage or overthrow China's socialist system." One of the primary missions of the MSS is undoubtedly to gather foreign intelligence from targets in various countries overseas. Many MSS agents are said to have operated in the Greater China region (Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan) and to have integrated themselves into the world's numerous overseas Chinese communities. At one point, nearly 120 agents who had been operating under non-official cover in the US, Canada, Western and Northern Europe, and Japan as businessmen, bankers, scholars, and journalists were recalled to China, a fact that demonstrates the broad geographical scope of MSS agent coverage. The following is the list of known heads of this agency. They are known as Minister of State Security, reporting directly to the State Council of the People's Republic of China|State Councilhttp://chinavitae.com/connect.php?cat=STA&inst_id=310.245000000
The MSS is divided into several bureaus:
And other Offices:
http://www.fas.org/irp/world/china/mss/index.html John Pike, Federation of American Scientists, Intelligence Resource Program, Ministry of State Security china-stub Category:Intelligence agencies Category:People's Republic of China category:Mainland China fr:Guojia Anaquanbu ja:中華人民共和国国家安全部 zh:中华人民共和国国家安全部 This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Ministry of State Security".
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