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March 8, 2014 |
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She is said to have been a master variously of the Shaolin martial arts, the Wudang martial arts, and Y??eji??qu??n,ref|????????? the family style of Yue Fei. </br>She is also credited as the founder of the martial arts W?? M??i P??iref|????????? (Ng Mui style), Wing Chun Kuen, Dragon style, White Crane, and Hung Gar#Five-Pattern Hung Kuen ????????????|Five-Pattern Hung Kuen. </br>She has been associated with various locations, including the Shaolin Temple in either Henan or Fujian, the Wudang Mountains in Hubei, Mount Emei in Sichuan, a supposed White Crane Temple, the Daliang Mountainsref|????????? on the border between Sichuan and Yunnan, and additional locations in Guangxi and Guangdong. </br>According to one folk story, she was the daughter of a Ming general. According to the Wing Chun master Yip Man, Ng Mui was Abbess at the Henan Shaolin Monastery and managed to survive its destruction by Qing forces during the reign of the Kangxi Emperor (1662–1722). She fled to the White Crane Temple, which this account locates in the distant Daliang mountains on the border between Yunnan and Sichuan, where she met a girl of fifteen named Yim Wing-Chun whom a local bandit was trying to force into marriage. Ng Mui agreed to teach Wing-Chun how to defend herself and distilled her knowledge of Shaolin martial arts into a system that Wing-Chun would be able to learn quickly, which the girl used to fend off the bandit once and for all. Image:Shaolinsi.JPG|thumb|right|250px|The calligraphic inscription that hangs over the main gate of the Shaolin Monastery was written in the Kangxi Emperor's own hand. Comments It is unlikely that the Henan Shaolin Monastery was destroyed by the Kangxi Emperor, whose expressed his favor for the temple with the calligraphic inscription that, to this day, still hangs over its main gate. <blockquote>It is believed that the Five-Pattern System was jointly created by the Buddhist Mistress Ng Mui, and Miu Hin, an unshaved disciple of the Siu Lam Monastery. Through careful observation, and imagination, these two kung fu experts imitated the movements of the creatures — how they jump, how they paw, and how they use their wings, beaks, jaws, or claws, how they coil up, how they rush forward and retreat, and finally they created this kung fu system consisting of movements modified from those of the named creatures, and adjusted the techniques to suit human limbs. (Leung, 1980)</blockquote> Comments With regard to the details of the temple's destruction, this account by and large concurs with that of the Yip Man branch of Wing Chun. Modern Dragon style historians relate that Shaolin nun Ng Mui, who is said to have originated the Dragon style, was one of the last members of the temple before its first destruction, which they date to 1570 (Chow & Spangler, 1982). The Shaolin Gung Fu Institute of the Pacific Northwest agrees with the date of 1570 for a destruction of the temple and states explicitly that Dragon style was created at the Henan Shaolin Temple c. 1565. Comments The conventional attribution to the Qing Dynasty (1644–1912) with the destruction of the Shaolin Temple which Ng Mui escaped is inconsistent with a date of 1570. As the daughter of a general in the Ming imperial court, Ng Mui enjoyed not only the education that a young lady of her social standing could expect, but the finest martial art training available. The personal style she developed was geared toward combat rather than performance, as befits the daughter of a soldier. Ng Mui was traveling in the countryside when her parents were killed in the Manchu capture of the Ming capital. She took refuge in the White Crane Temple, which this legend locates in Kwangsi Province, where she became a leader in the anti-Qing rebellion. She led raids on Manchu palaces and, on one occasion, even assassinated the Manchu prince. To keep it away from the prying eyes of Manchu spies, she taught her style only within the confines of the White Crane Temple. Comments Note that in this account Ng Mui does not flee from a temple, but flees to one. This account dates Ng Mui to the years surrounding 1644, the year of the Manchurian capture of Beijing. According to the genealogy of Tibetan White Crane, "Ng Mui" is the Chinese name of the Tibetan monk Jikboloktoto, who was the last generation of transmission before Sing Lung, who brought the art to Guangdong. Comments This account is most different from the others, with a male Ng Mui, the absence of a Manchu menace to flee from and, given the dating of Sing Lung's relocation to Guangdong to 1865, a 19th century setting. In Michelle Yeoh's 1994 movie Wing Chun, the main character's teacher was based on the legends of Ng Mui. |border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" !style="background-color:#CCCCCC; "| !!style="background-color:#CCCCCC; "| Chinese language|Chinese !!style="background-color:#CCCCCC; "| Pinyin !!style="background-color:#CCCCCC; "| Yale_Romanization#Cantonese|Yale Cantonese !!style="background-color:#CCCCCC; "| |- !note|?????????Yuejiaquan |align=center| ????????? ||align=center| Y??eji??qu??n ||align=center| || |- !note|?????????Wu Mei Pai |align=center| ????????? ||align=center| W?? M??i P??i ||align=center| Ng5 Mui4 Paai1 || Ng Mui style |- !note|?????????Daliang Mountains |align=center| ????????? ||align=center| D??li??ngsh??n ||align=center| || |
Category:Chinese martial arts This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Ng Mui".
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