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March 8, 2014 |
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The only surviving source on the life of Sun Tzu is the biography written in the 2nd century BC by the historian Sima Qian, who describes him as a general who lived in the state of Wu in the 6th century BC, and therefore a contemporary of one of the great Chinese thinkers of ancient times—Confucius. However, the biography is not consistent with other sources for the period, and both the form and content of The Art of War indicate that it was most likely written between 400 BC and 320 BC. Sun Tzu's own work, The Art of War appears to provide a number of direct clues to his life, for example, war chariots described by Sun Tzu were used for a relatively brief period ending in the 4th century BC and so dates at least part of the work to that time. Some scholars have concluded that Sun Tzu's work was actually authored by unknown Chinese philosophy|Chinese philosophers and that Sun Tzu did not actually exist as a historical figure. This can be seen further in the way that the historicity of Sun Tzu is discussed extensively in the introduction to Giles' 1910 translation available as a Project Gutenberg online text. Giles gives a feeling of the doubt and confusion which has surrounded this subject. In 1972 a set of bamboo engraved texts were discovered in a grave near Linyi in Shandonghttp://membres.lycos.fr/suntsu/Sun_Tzu.htm these have helped in confirming the text which was already known and have also added new sections http://www.sonshi.com/ames.html. This text has been dated some time between 134-118 B.C. http://www.fak.dk/Files/Filer/FSMO/Specialer/200304/Military_theory_and_concept_of_Jointness.pdf and so rules out older theories that parts of the text had been written much later. Sun Bin, a crippled descendent of Sun Tzu, also wrote a text known as the Art of War although possibly a more accurate title might be the Art of Warfare since this was more directly concerned with the practical matters of warfare. http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/aureview/1980/jul-aug/killigrew.html At least one translator has gone with the title The Lost Art of War, owing to the extensive period of time during which this book was, quite literally, lost. wikiquote
ca:Sun Tzu da:Sun Tzu de:Sunzi es:Sun Tzu fr:Sun Zi it:Sun Tzu ja:孫武 pt:Sun Tzu fi:Sunzi zh:孙武 Category:Chinese thinkers Category:Military writers This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Sun Tzu".
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