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The majority of the Thai Chinese traces their ancestry back to the Chaozhou prefecture in northern Guangdong, thus they speak the Minnan Chaozhou dialect. A minority traces their ancestry to Hakka and Hainanese immigrants. The Thai language has now largely supplanted Chinese, although Teochew (dialect)|Teochew is sometimes used as a commercial lingua franca among the Chinese in Thailand, principally in Bangkok. see Yaowarat Road. However, the wide usage and revival of Mandarin (linguistics)|Mandarin Chinese is gradually becoming the second language of the majority of the newer generation Thai-Chinese. Unlike Singapore, and to a lesser extent Malaysia, the Chinese have largely eschewed Christianity and the speaking of Mandarin (linguistics)|Mandarin as their first language. Theravada Buddhism has overshadowed the traditional Mahayana Buddhist and Taoist beliefs of the Thai Chinese, although some of the less assimilated Chinese do retain some or most of their beliefs. For example, the Teochew and Hainanese bring ashes from incense burned at the shrines in their villages. The Hakka have religious images in their houses called Faa Jukong, representing a male deity with black skin and upward pointing hair. The history of Chinese immigration to Thailand dates back several centuries. With the accession of the half Chinese-Teochew and half Thai king Taksin, who actively encouraged their immigration, the Chinese, principally from Chaozhou prefecture, came in large numbers. The corruption of the Chinese Qing government and the massive increase of the population in China, along with high taxes, encouraged many Chinese men to leave China for Thailand in search for jobs, thereby support their families back in China. Soon, the Chinese population overtook the Thai population as the majority in Bangkok. The Chinese in Thailand were given much more freedom that those in the Straits Settlements, being exempt from many of the obligations imposed on native Thais. Many Chinese prospered under the tax farming system, whereby private individuals were sold the right to collect taxes at a price below the value of the tax revenues. The barriers between Thai and Chinese became more rigid in the early twentieth century with the emergence of Thai and Chinese nationalism and also the increased tendency of Chinese females to accompany male immigrants, which reduced the amount of intermarriage. The Chinese were still encouraged to become Thai citizens, and in 1970, it was estimated that more than 90 percent of the Chinese born in Thailand had done so. When diplomatic relations were established with China in the 1970s, resident Chinese not born in Thailand had the option of becoming Thai citizens; the remaining permanent resident Chinese alien population was estimated at fewer than 200,000. Notable Thai Chinese include:
category:Overseas Chinese groups ja:??????????????? th:???????????????????????????????????????????????? This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Thai Chinese".
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