|
|
 |
|
|
|
 |
March 8, 2014 |
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Image:Wang1.jpg|thumb|A Portrait of Wang Wang Shiwei (Wade-Giles: Wang Shih-wei)(王實味) (March 12, 1906-July 1, 1947), originally named as Wang Sidao (王思禱), was a journalist and literary writer. He was famous for his contribution in the Chinese history of modern revolution and Chinese modern literature. Several controversial articles were written by him in the 20th Century, which made him suffered from witch-hunt and led to his persecution in 1947. Family Wang Shiwei was born in a small town in Yunan (豫南), China on 12 March,1906. His courtesy name ("zi" 字) was "Shuhan" (叔翰). His father was a scholar who worked as a teacher in a local school. Wang was the third eldest child in his family, with eight brothers and sisters. His father was a teacher in a local school, with the income that was not enough to sustain the big family. The hard financial situation of Wang's family trained him to be more aware of the social problems and unfairness in the state. Education Wang received his very first education on Chinese classics from his father. It strengthened his knowledge in the Chinese Literature. In 1914, he entered Huangchuan Second Higher Elementary school (潢川第二高等小學) for Primary three education. Later, he went to Huangchuan Seventh Middle School (潢川第七中學). He then left his hometown and entered the Fundamental School of Europe. Unfortunately, he was forced to leave school a year later as his family could not afford the expensive school fees. With a strong will to further his studies, he worked in a post office to save money. At the age of 17, he joined an America Exchange Studies program in the Henan Province(河南省留學歐美預備學校). In 1925, Wang got a chance to study Arts in the Beijing University. He actively participated in the student campaign in the University. However, he was once again forced to quit in 1927. He started studying again at the Marx-Engels Institute in Moscow during later 1920s and early 1930s. Involvement in politics Wang participated in politics actively. In 1919, Wang and his schoolmates joined the demonstrations in the May Fourth Movement to support the patriotic Beijing students. He joined the Chinese Communist Party in 1926. A year later, he left the Party for the criticism of his love affair with Li Fan (李芬), who was also a Communist member. However, he rejoined the Party when Mao Zedong (毛澤東) was the chairman. During his study at Moscow, Wang formed the Twenty-Eight Bolsheviks together with other Chinese students such as Wang Ming (王明), Ding Ling (丁玲). "Wild Lilies" Wang worked for the Liberation Daily (解放日報)in 1942. He wrote an article called "Wild Lilies" (野百合花), which criticized on Mao Zedong's taste for beautiful women as well as the unjustified priviledge enjoyed by the Communist Party. It also discussed the "ugliness and indifference" in Yan'an. It criticized some "big men", whom Wang thought should be responsible for the growth of darkness in the country. This article caused him many woes. On 27th May 1942, the Central Committee held a seminar to discuss whether Wang was guilty. On 23rd October, Wang was expelled from the Communist Party, for the reason that he was one of the anti-party cliques (托派份子). Wang defended himself by reinforcing that he did not get involved in any anti-Communist activities, except helping his anti-Communist friends Wang Wen-yuan (王文元) and Chen Qing-chen (陳清晨) to translate 2 proses in "Tuoluociji Zizhuan" (《托洛茨基自傳》), which he had already informed the Party. However, the Party did not believe in him and he was soon arrested at the end of 1942. Wang tried his best to explain during the captured period, but all his attempts failed. On 1st July, 1947, he was prosecuted by the order of the Social Section of the Communist Party in Jin Sui (晉綏). He died at the age of 41. After the reforms and modernization of China, the first wife of Wang, Liu Ying (劉瑩) fought for vindication of the accusation his husband wrongly received. In 1991, the Ministry of Public Security indicated the accusation of Wang. How well Wang did as a journalist (Wild Lilies) Wang demonstrated two basic elements of journalism in "Wild Lilies": = 1. "Its practitioners must be allowed to exercise their personal conscience" = One day Wang overheard two girls critizing the inconsiderate behavior of senior leaders towards the public. He wrote it down and used it to express his concern over the country. He wrote that he was shocked after overhearing the dialogue and he finally realized what was lacking in everybody's life at that time. Therefore, he tried to uncover the complaints and criticisms of the commoners instead of blindly following the stream of corruption in China. He understood what went wrong. To choose to include this on a newspaper showed that he can exercised his personal conscience. = 2. "It must provide a forum for public criticism" = Wang explained that his piece of work was called "Wild Lilies" because wild lilies had a higher medical value than other lilies. He hoped to criticize the unhealthy phenomenon in the country so that people could find remedies for the country. His work aroused criticisms from others. From April to May 1942, passages criticizing "Wild Lilies" were posted on the newspapers. There were also criticisms to Wang's ideas of 'hierarchy system'. Therefore, Wang's work initiated and motivated people's criticisms. It provided a chance for others to discuss and criticize. Based on this, it fulfilled the element mentioned. "Arrow and Target" "Arrow and Target" (矢与的) was a wall poster newspaper series. The articles were posted outside the southern gate of Yan'an City. How well Wang did as a journalist (Arrow and Target) Wang demonstrated one element of journalism in "Arrow and Target" too: = 1. "Its first loyalty is to citizens." = Wang uses the spaces provided in the newspaper series to attack Luo Mai (羅邁)/Li Weihan (別名李维漢), the director of the Central research Institute. He told every citizen that injustices were present. This act certainly destroyed the image of the institute. Instead of defending the institute, which he was quite closely connected with, in his column, he alleged to tell the citizens things that they wanted to know, things that were beneficial to them. He is loyal to citizens more than the business owners and advertisers. Therefore, Wang's first loyalty was to citizens. He began writing at the age of 19 when he was studying at the Beijing University. He used "Shiwei" (實味) as his pen name. His talent was greatly appreciated by Xu Zhimo (徐志摩), who was a modern Chinese poet. Xu always posted Wang's writings in the Features page when he was the editor-in-chief of that page of the Morning Post. From 1930 onwards, he started to use some new pen names such as ShiWei (詩薇/石巍). His novella Xiuxi(Rest) (休息) , which talked about how young people should fight against the darkness of a country, was published in Xu Zhimo's "New literary collection" in 1930. His work shows the framework of what an ideal society should be liked. Equality of opportunity was emphasized. The western idea of Marxism in his work gave people a new insight. Contributions to literature Wang's works helped citizens of Yunan get a better understanding on different concepts, for example, the relationship between politics and literature. After Wang's works were published, people began to notice that the education on the rules of the Party was not practical. There were lots of subjective Chinese literature focusing too much on the rules of the Party in the 1940s. Wang was the first writer in Yunan who really tried reflecting the reality theoretically in literature. For example, in "Wild Lilies", the bureaucracy and hierarchy system of Yunan were vividly described. Apart from that, literature in that period emphasized on the skills of writing. There was little concern about the reality. Western literatures were very much appreciated. However, because of the successful and interesting reflection of reality in Wang's works, people started to appreciate Chinese literature. Many Chinese writers also began to write more about the reality, examining on the local arts and the Marxist ideas. Wang's eagerness to voice out the inequalies and his critical mind attributed his success as one of the most representative writers in the period. He also stimulated other writers to think about what they should write about from that onwards. Most of Wang’s literary works were published in the late 20th century. His style of writing was described as "having the energy and power to enrich the humanity" (有著蓬勃人性之熱與力). His works reflected his sincerity and love towards his home country and native homeland. He felt sorry for the suppressed weak people in the society. He always hoped that he would change the society through revolution. That is why his works were full of criticism. Articles
Novels
Wang has translated a lot of works, including those of Karl Marx and Eugene O'Neill. However, he did not lead a shinning life as Marx, in contrast, he ended up his life with tragic colour of Eugene O' Neill.
#http://www.6v3.com/book/xd/w/wangshiwei/ Publications of Wang Shiwei 王實味作品集) #http://book.ssjj.com/book/2003new/li/zhuanji/chkrwsw.html Biography of Wang Shiwei (楚漢狂人王實味) #http://www.wjez.net/aqisi/-ds/sswsw.html Biography of Wang Shiwei (說說王實味) #http://dadao.net/htm/culture/php/template1.php?id=1850 Wang Shiwei and the Strange interlude (王實味與<<奇異的插曲>>) #http://www.dscn.org/00000/00000214.htm Wang Shiwei and Hu shi (王實味與胡適) #http://www.dajiyuan.com/b5/3/10/9/n390782.htm The sacrifice of the early Rectification Movement period (王實味：前文革時代的祭品) #http://www.white-collar.net/wx_hsz/xiandai/xd_99001.htm Wild Lilies (野百合花)
Category:Chinese writers|Wang Shiwei Category:1906 births Category:1947 deaths Category:1906 births|Wang Shiwei Category:1947 deaths|Wang Shiwei zh:王实味 This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Wang Shiwei".
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
![[F]](/images/site.gif){kind=small}
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
All informatin on the site is © FamousChinese.com 2002-2005. Last revised: January 2, 2004 Are you interested in our site or/and want to use our information? please read how to contact us and our copyrights. To post your business in our web site? please click here. To send any comments to us, please use the Feedback. To let us provide you with high quality information, you can help us by making a more or less donation: |